The net zero façade on buildings that form The Phoenix, a 316-unit modular housing development in West Oakland, California.

With the architecture, engineering, construction, and operations (AECO) industry contributing 42% of annual global greenhouse gas emissions, the industry is a critical target for significant emission reductions to combat climate change. To address the large carbon footprint of AECO, Autodesk Research is exploring new approaches to achieving net-zero buildings within the next decade through a combination of techniques, software, and best practices for simultaneously assessing operational carbon, embodied carbon, cost, and other goals such as human-centric design ambitions.

Central to this research is the development of advanced digital tools and methodologies that fully integrate the carbon, energy, and waste cycles of buildings throughout their lifecycle—from design and construction to operation. Adaptive reuse and materials exploration are also core to this investigation, aimed at enhancing the adaptability and longevity of structures, effectively turning them into “material banks” for future projects. Since many buildings that will exist in 2050 have already been built, upgrading these structures to meet emissions targets is often the most sustainable approach.

With materials contributing to more than 25% of the carbon emissions of buildings, initial material selection plays a critical role in meeting these objectives. Autodesk Research is investigating contemporary uses of low-carbon materials including mycelium composite, which are then supported by data-enabled workflows to ensure accurate carbon assessments.

Optimizing carbon decisions is key during the conceptual design phase, where early design choices such as materials can significantly impact the total carbon footprint. Additionally, the research addresses the need for tools that balance carbon goals with other project aspirations, such as cost and human-centric design.

Furthermore, net-zero buildings research recognizes the need for carbon removal strategies alongside the elimination of new emissions and seeks to develop tools to model, simulate, visualize, and optimize carbon removal efforts.

Through material selection, construction practices, design trade-offs, and carbon sequestration approaches, Autodesk Research’s comprehensive approach aims to ultimately empower customers to make informed decisions to reach net-zero carbon goals, aligning with the ambitious targets set by global governments and industries.

Completed net-zero carbon façade installed on a full-size housing unit. This unit is one of more than 300 similar apartments that make up The Phoenix.

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